Diabetes is a long-term chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, where the elevated levels of blood glucose reach above 11.1 mmol/L, causing damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves.

The disorder is classified into two types: Type 1 diabetes, a genetic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin, and type 2 diabetes, categorized by a declining ability to produce or utilize insulin and is lifestyle related. Type 2 diabetes is the prevalent form of diabetes and according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) approximately 537 million adults aged 20 to 79 years worldwide live with type 2 diabetes and this number is projected to rise to 643 and 783 million by 2030 and 2045, respectively. The Type 1 Diabetes Index has estimated that 8.7 million people live with type 1 diabetes worldwide with an average of 32 years of healthy life lost per person. According to the IDF, diabetes imposes a global annual economic burden of USD 966 billion in associated healthcare costs.

This article will provide an update on current treatment options for type 1 and 2 diabetes and outline the latest development activities of key experimental drugs with data sourced from IQVIA Pipeline Link, a proprietary drug pipeline database.

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