The supply of affordable medicines is crucial for the health of U.S. residents. Indian pharmaceutical companies have been a critical partner in the supply of these drugs by providing affordable medicines for major health conditions that enhance patient access, improve management of health conditions, and bring savings and resilience to the overall health system. This report aims to quantify the contribution of Indian companies to U.S. healthcare. It also highlights areas of concern around lack of diversification in the manufacturing of Key Starting Materials and Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in the broader supply chain for affordable drugs and discusses the role India could play as a partner to the U.S. in de-risking this supply chain.

The first chapter of this report summarizes data on the importance of affordable medicines. The second chapter highlights the role that Indian companies play in the supply of drugs to the U.S. in terms prescriptions, patient access, resilience, and savings. The last two chapters discuss the state of the overall supply chain of affordable medicines, concerns raised by U.S., EU and India, and possible opportunities for partnering to address these concerns.

Key findings:

• Indian pharmaceutical companies supply a substantial proportion of drugs to U.S. residents, with four out of ten of all prescriptions filled in the U.S. in 2022 being supplied by Indian companies.
• Indian companies supplied 47% of all generic prescriptions filed in the U.S. and 15% of the volume of biosimilars.
• Out of the top 10 therapy areas by prescription volume, Indian companies supplied more than half of the prescriptions for five: hypertension, mental health, lipid regulators, nervous system disorders, and antiulcerants.
• Overall, medicines from Indian companies provided $219Bn in savings to the U.S. healthcare system in 2022 and a total of $1.3Tn between 2013 and 2022.